BAKED [BURNT] BRICKS
Sura 28:38 tells us:
And Pharaoh said: O chiefs! I know not that ye have a god
other than me, so kindle for me (a fire), O Haman, to bake
the mud; and set up for me a lofty tower in order that
I may survey the god of Moses; and lo! I deem him of the
liars.
The Egyptians constructed their public buildings with cut stone,
not bricks. The Mesopotamians, by comparison, constructed most
of their public buildings with baked bricks since they lacked
a good source of cut stone.
However, the Qur'an makes an historical error when it claims
that the Egyptians used baked bricks. Except for some minor
ruins at Nebesheh and Defenneh, baked [or burnt]
bricks were not used in Egypt before the Roman period
(Manual of Egyptian Archaeology, G. Maspero, H. Grevel, p. 4).
[On further problems in this verse, see
this article.]
The Bible tells us in Exodus 5:6-7 :
That same day Pharaoh gave this order to the slave drivers
and foremen in charge of the people: "You are no longer to
supply the people with straw for making bricks; let them go
and gather their own straw.
Archaeologists and historians agree:
"The ordinary Egyptian brick is a mere oblong block of mud
mixed with chopped straw and a little sand, and dried in the sun
... one man is told to break up the ground; others carry the clods,
and pile them in a heap, while others again mix them with water,
knead the clay with their feet, and reduce it to a homogeneous paste.
This paste, when sufficiently worked, is pressed by the head workman
in moulds made of hard wood, while an assistant carries away the
bricks as fast as they are shaped, and lays them out in rows a
little distance apart, to dry in the sun." (Ibid., p. 3)
This illustration is from an 18th Dynasty tomb painting, found in the
Tomb of Rekhmara. It shows the process by which bricks were made in
ancient Egypt.
Further discussion:
Were Burnt Bricks
Used In Ancient Egypt In The Time of Moses
Related Articles:
Pharaoh, Haman,
Contradictions & The Qur'an
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