In Islam, a victim of assault (or his next of kin) can demand the punishment of retaliation for murder and certain bodily damages, e.g. the offender may be blinded for blinding somebody else, etc.
The article, The law of retaliation in the Quran and early Islam, presents a thorough discussion of the issue of retaliation in Islam regarding the punishment for causing wounds and bodily damage.
See also the entry in Hughes' Dictionary: Qisas