Answering Islam - A Christian-Muslim dialog

Islam’s Other god

[Part 3]

Analyzing the Deification of Muhammad Within Muslim Tradition

Sam Shamoun


We now move into the next phase of our examination. Here we want to primarily focus on the Islamic traditions in order to see how Muslims have transformed the mere human Muhammad into a divine figure.

Unless noted otherwise most of our quotations will be taken from a classical Sunni work, Kitab Ash-shifa bi ta'rif huquq al-Mustafa (Healing by the recognition of the Rights of the Chosen One), authored by a Muslim scholar named Qadi 'Iyad Ibn Musa al-Yahsubi. We will be using Aisha Abdarrahman Bewley's English translation, published by Madinah Press (Inverness, Scotland, U.K., third reprint 1991, paperback). All underline and capital emphasis is ours.

OBSESSIVE MUSLIM BEHAVIOUR AND DEVOTION TO MUHAMMAD

The worship which Muslims gave (give) to Muhammad can be seen from situations where his followers would drink Muhammad's urine and smear his spittle on themselves, thinking that they would receive a blessing or a cure as a result of it!

One of the scholars concerned with reports about the Prophet and his qualities related that when he wanted to defecate, the earth split open and swallowed up his faeces and urine, and it gave off a fragrant smell.

Muhammad ibn Sa’d, al-Waqidi’s scribe, related that ‘A’isha said to the Prophet, "When you come from relieving yourself, we do not see anything noxious from you." He said, "‘A’isha, don’t you know that the earth swallows up what comes out of the prophets so that none of it is seen?"

Although this tradition is not famous, the people of knowledge still mention the purity of his faeces and urine…

There was also a time when Malik ibn Sinan DRANK HIS BLOOD on the Day of Uhud and licked it up. The Prophet allowed him to do that and then said, "The Fire will not touch you."

Something similar occurred when ‘Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr drank cupped blood. The Prophet said, "Woe to you from the people and woe to the people from you," but he did not object to what he had done.

Something similar is related about when a woman DRANK SOME OF HIS URINE. He told her, "You will never complain of a stomach-ache."

He did not order any of them to wash their mouths out nor did he forbid them to do it again.

The hadith of the woman drinking the urine is sound. Ad-Daraqutni follows Muslim and al-Bukhari who relate it in the Sahih. The name of this woman was Baraka, but they disagree about her lineage. Some say that it was Umm Ayman, a wooden cup he placed under his bed in which he would urinate during the night. One night he urinated in it and when he examined it in the morning there was nothing in it. He asked Baraka about that. She said, "I got up and felt thirsty, so I drank it without knowing." The hadith is related by Ibn Jurayj and others.

The Prophet was born circumcised with his umbilical cord cut… (pp. 35-37)

Note that the drinking of blood is a clear violation of God’s true Word, the Holy Bible:

"If any one of the house of Israel or of the strangers who sojourn among them eats any blood, I will set my face against that person who eats blood and will cut him off from among his people. For the life of the flesh is in the blood, and I have given it for you on the altar to make atonement for your souls, for it is the blood that makes atonement by the life. Therefore I have said to the people of Israel, No person among you shall eat blood, neither shall any stranger who sojourns among you eat blood. Any one also of the people of Israel, or of the strangers who sojourn among them, who takes in hunting any beast or bird that may be eaten shall pour out its blood and cover it with earth. For the life of every creature is its blood: its blood is its life. Therefore I have said to the people of Israel, You shall not eat the blood of any creature, for the life of every creature is its blood. Whoever eats it shall be cut off." Leviticus 17:10-14

"but should write to them to abstain from the things polluted by idols, and from sexual immorality, and from what has been strangled, and from blood… For it has seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us to lay on you no greater burden than these requirements: that you abstain from what has been sacrificed to idols, and from blood, and from what has been strangled, and from sexual immorality. If you keep yourselves from these, you will do well. Farewell." Acts 15:28-29

They even violated the commands of the Quran!

He has only forbidden you what dies of itself, and blood, and flesh of swine, and that over which any other (name) than (that of) Allah has been invoked; but whoever is driven to necessity, not desiring, nor exceeding the limit, no sin shall be upon him; surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. S. 2:173 Shakir

Forbidden to you is that which dies of itself, and blood, and flesh of swine, and that on which any other name than that of Allah has been invoked, and the strangled (animal) and that beaten to death, and that killed by a fall and that killed by being smitten with the horn, and that which wild beasts have eaten, except what you slaughter, and what is sacrificed on stones set up (for idols) and that you divide by the arrows; that is a transgression. This day have those who disbelieve despaired of your religion, so fear them not, and fear Me. This day have I perfected for you your religion and completed My favor on you and chosen for you Islam as a religion; but whoever is compelled by hunger, not inclining willfully to sin, then surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. S. 5:3 Shakir

Say: I do not find in that which has been revealed to me anything forbidden for an eater to eat of except that it be what has died of itself, or blood poured forth, or flesh of swine -- for that surely is unclean -- or that which is a transgression, other than (the name of) Allah having been invoked on it; but whoever is driven to necessity, not desiring nor exceeding the limit, then surely your Lord is Forgiving, Merciful. S. 6:145 Shakir

He has only forbidden you what dies of itself and blood and flesh of swine and that over which any other name than that of Allah has been invoked, but whoever is driven to necessity, not desiring nor exceeding the limit, then surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. S. 16:115 Shakir

Muhammad and his followers were therefore guilty of sinning against God. Iyad continues:

When Quraysh sent 'Urwa ibn Mas'ud to the Messenger of Allah in the year of al-Hudaybiyya, he saw the unparalleled respect which his Companions displayed towards him. Whenever he did 'wudu they ran to get his leftover 'wudu water and nearly fought over it. If he spat they took it with their hands and wiped it on their faces and bodies. If a hair of his fell they ran to get it. If he commanded them to do something, they ran to do his command. If he spoke, they lowered their voices in his presence. They did not stare at him due to their respect for him. When he returned to Quraysh, he said, "People of Quraysh! I have been to Chosroes in his kingdom, and Caesar in his kingdom and the Negus in his kingdom, but by Allah, I have not seen any king among his people treated anything like the way Muhammad is treated by his Companions." ...

Anas said, "I saw the Messenger when his hair was being shaved. His companions were around him and whenever a lock fell, a man picked it up." (Iyad, pp. 236-237)

The sahih ahadith narrate the same thing:

... Before embracing Islam Al-Mughira was in the company of some people. He killed them and took their property and came (to Medina) to embrace Islam. The Prophet said (to him, "As regards your Islam, I accept it, but as for the property I do not take anything of it. (As it was taken through treason). Urwa then started looking at the Companions of the Prophet. By Allah, whenever Allah's Apostle spat, the spittle would fall in the hand of one of them (i.e. the Prophet's companions) WHO WOULD RUB IT ON HIS FACE AND SKIN; if he ordered them they would carry his orders immediately; if he performed ablution, they would struggle to take the remaining water; and when they spoke to him, they would lower their voices and would not look at his face constantly out of respect. Urwa returned to his people and said, "O people! By Allah, I have been to the kings and to Caesar, Khosrau and An-Najashi, yet I have never seen any of them respected by his courtiers as much as Muhammad is respected by his companions. By Allah, if he spat, the spittle would fall in the hand of one of them (i.e. the Prophet's companions) who would rub it on his face and skin; if he ordered them, they would carry out his order immediately; if he performed ablution, they would struggle to take the remaining water; and when they spoke, they would lower their voices and would not look at his face constantly out of respect." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 3, Book 50, Number 891)

Qadi 'Iyad states that this veneration and worship doesn't cease now that Muhammad is dead:

It is just as necessary to have esteem and respect for the Prophet after his death as it were when he was alive. This means to show it whenever the Prophet, his hadith or sunna are mentioned, when anyone hears his name or anything about his life or how his family and relatives behaved. It includes respect for the People of his House (ah al-bayt) and his Companions...

Abu Humayd said, "Abu Ja'far, the Amir al-Mu'minin, had a dispute with Malik in the Prophet's mosque. Malik said to him, 'Amir al-Mu'minin, do not raise your voice in this mosque. Allah taught the people how to behave by saying, "Do not raise your voices above the Prophet" (49:2) He praises people with the words, "Those who lower their voices in the presence of the Messenger of Allah." (49:3) He censures people, saying, "Those who call you..." Respect for him when he is dead is the same as respect for him when he was alive."

"Abu Ja'far was humbled by this. He asked Malik, 'Abu Abdullah, do you face qibla when you supplicate or do you face the Messenger of Allah?' He replied, 'Why would you turn your face from him when he is YOUR MEANS and the means of your father, Adam, to Allah on the Day of Rising? I face him and ASK HIM to intercede and Allah will grant his intercession. Allah says, "If, when you wronged yourselves, they had come to you."'" (4:64) (pp. 237-238)

Here is a man who faces Muhammad's grave when he prays, and actually prays to Muhammad in order to ask him for intercession!

And:

When there were many people around Malik, he was asked, "If only you would appoint someone to whom you could dictate and then he could make the people hear." He replied, "Allah said, 'O you who believe, do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet.' (49:2) The respect due to him when he is dead is the same when he was alive."

Ibn Sirin used to laugh at times but when the hadiths of the Prophet were mentioned in his presence he became humble. When a hadith of the Prophet was recited, 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Mahdi commanded them to be silent, saying, "Do not raise your voice above the voice of the Prophet." He interpreted the above as meaning that the people must be silent when the Prophet's hadiths are recited, just as if they were listening to him speaking. (p. 239)

Praying for Muhammad and visiting his grave also violates the Holy Scriptures which prohibit believers from contacting the dead:

"When you come into the land that the LORD your God is giving you, you shall not learn to follow the abominable practices of those nations. There shall not be found among you anyone who burns his son or his daughter as an offering, anyone who practices divination or tells fortunes or interprets omens, or a sorcerer or a charmer or a medium or a wizard or a necromancer, for whoever does these things is an abomination to the LORD. And because of these abominations the LORD your God is driving them out before you. You shall be blameless before the LORD your God, for these nations, which you are about to dispossess, listen to fortune-tellers and to diviners. But as for you, the LORD your God has not allowed you to do this." Deuteronomy 18:9-14

"And when they say to you, 'Inquire of the mediums and the necromancers who chirp and mutter,' should not a people inquire of their God? Should they inquire of the dead on behalf of the living? To the teaching and to the testimony! If they will not speak according to this word, it is because they have no dawn." Isaiah 8:19-20


MUHAMMAD AS INTERCESSOR

The Holy Bible teaches that the Lord Jesus is the true believers' Saviour, Redeemer, and Intercessor. God's Word says that Jesus, after his resurrection, ascended to the right hand of God, to the highest position possible, where he forever lives to mediate and intercede for his people:

"But he, full of the Holy Spirit, gazed into heaven and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing at the right hand of God. And he said, 'Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God.' ... And as they were stoning Stephen, he called out, 'Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.' And falling to his knees he cried out with a loud voice, 'Lord, do not hold this sin against them.' And when he had said this, he fell asleep." Acts 7:55-56, 59-60

"What then shall we say to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us? He who did not spare his own Son but gave him up for us all, how will he not also with him graciously give us all things? Who shall bring any charge against God's elect? It is God who justifies. Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died--more than that, who was raised--who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us." Romans 8:31-34

"and what is the immeasurable greatness of his power toward us who believe, according to the working of his great might that he worked in Christ when he raised him from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly places, far above all rule and authority and power and dominion, and above every name that is named, not only in this age but also in the one to come." Ephesians 1:19-21

"Therefore God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name, so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father." Philippians 2:9-11

"He has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son, in whom we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins... For in him all the fullness of God was pleased to dwell, and through him to reconcile to himself all things, whether on earth or in heaven, making peace by the blood of his cross. And you, who once were alienated and hostile in mind, doing evil deeds, he has now reconciled in his body of flesh by his death, in order to present you holy and blameless and above reproach before him," Colossians 1:13-14, 19-22

"In him also you were circumcised with a circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead. And you, who were dead in your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh, God made alive together with him, having forgiven us all our trespasses, by canceling the record of debt that stood against us with its legal demands. This he set aside, nailing it to the cross. He disarmed the rulers and authorities and put them to open shame, by triumphing over them in him." Colossians 2:11-15

"If then you have been raised with Christ, seek the things that are above, where Christ is, seated at the right hand of God. Set your minds on things that are above, not on things that are on earth. For you have died, and your life is hidden with Christ in God. When Christ who is your life appears, then you also will appear with him in glory." Colossians 3:1-4

"For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself as a ransom for all, which is the testimony given at the proper time." 1 Timothy 2:5-6

"Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them. For it was indeed fitting that we should have such a high priest, holy, innocent, unstained, separated from sinners, and exalted above the heavens. He has no need, like those high priests, to offer sacrifices daily, first for his own sins and then for those of the people, since he did this once for all when he offered up himself." Hebrews 7:25-27

"But as it is, Christ has obtained a ministry that is as much more excellent than the old as the covenant he mediates is better, since it is enacted on better promises." Hebrews 8:6

"how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God. Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant." Hebrews 9:14-15

"And by that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all... For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified." Hebrews 10:10, 14

"who has gone into heaven and is at the right hand of God, with angels, authorities, and powers having been subjected to him." 1 Peter 3:22

"My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you may not sin. But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous. He is the propitiation for our sins, and not for ours only but also for the sins of the whole world." 1 John 2:1-2

Regarding salvation, the Quran tells Muslims not to despair of Allah's mercy:

O my sons, go ye and inquire about Joseph and his brother and despair not of the mercy of ALLAH; for none despairs of ALLAH's mercy save the disbelieving people. S. 12:87

Say, `Travel in the earth, and see how HE originated the creation. Then will ALLAH create the second creation. Surely, ALLAH has power over all things; He punishes whom He pleases and has mercy on whom He pleases, and to Him you shall be turned back. Those who disbelieve in the Signs of ALLAH and the meeting with HIM - it is they who despair of MY mercy. And they will have a grievous punishment. S. 29:21-23 Sher Ali

Say, `O MY servants who have sinned against their souls, despair not of the mercy of ALLAH, surely, ALLAH forgives all sins. Verily, HE is Most forgiving, Ever Merciful; S. 39:53

These passages indicate that Allah alone is the source of a Muslim's hope and redemption, and that they are not to despair of his favor and forgiveness.

The ahadith, on the other hand, contradict this and point to Muhammad as the saviour and hope of Muslims:

Narrated Anas:

The Prophet said, "The believers will be kept (waiting) on the Day of Resurrection so long that they will become worried and say, 'Let us ask somebody to intercede far us with our Lord so that He may relieve us from our place.'

Then they will go to Adam and say, 'You are Adam, the father of the people. Allah created you with His Own Hand and made you reside in His Paradise and ordered His angels to prostrate before you, and taught you the names of all things. Will you intercede for us with your Lord so that He may relieve us from this place of ours?' Adam will say, 'I am not fit for this undertaking.' He will mention his mistakes he had committed, i.e., his eating off the tree though he had been forbidden to do so. He will add, 'Go to Noah, the first prophet sent by Allah to the people of the Earth.' The people will go to Noah who will say, 'I am not fit for this undertaking.' He will mention his mistake which he had done, i.e., his asking his Lord without knowledge. He will say (to them), 'Go to Abraham, Khalil Ar-Rahman.' They will go to Abraham who will say, 'I am not fit for this undertaking.' He would mention three words by which he told a lie, and say (to them). 'Go to Moses, a slave whom Allah gave the Torah and spoke to, directly and brought near Him, for conversation.'

They will go to Moses who will say, 'I am not fit for this undertaking.' He will mention his mistake he made, i.e., killing a person, and will say (to them), 'Go to Jesus, Allah's slave and His Apostle, and His Spirit and His Word.' They will go to Jesus who will say, 'I am not fit for this undertaking but you'd better go to Muhammad the slave whose past and future sins have been forgiven by Allah.' So they will come to me, and I will ask my Lord's permission to enter His House and then I will be permitted. When I see Him I will fall down in prostration before Him, and He will leave me (in prostration) as long as He will, and then He will say, 'O Muhammad, lift up your head and speak, for you will be listened to, and intercede, for your intercession will be accepted, and ask (for anything) for it will be granted:' Then I will raise my head and glorify my Lord with certain praises which He has taught me. Allah will put a limit for me (to intercede for a certain type of people) I WILL TAKE THEM OUT AND MAKE THEM ENTER PARADISE." (Qatada said: I heard Anas saying that), the Prophet said, "I will go out and take them out of Hell (Fire) and let them enter Paradise, and then I will return and ask my Lord for permission to enter His House and I will be permitted.

When I will see Him I will fall down in prostration before Him and He will leave me in prostration as long as He will let me (in that state), and then He will say, 'O Muhammad, raise your head and speak, for you will be listened to, and intercede, for your intercession will be accepted, and ask, your request will be granted.'" The Prophet added, "So I will raise my head and glorify and praise Him as He has taught me. Then I will intercede and He will put a limit for me (to intercede for a certain type of people). I will take them out and let them enter Paradise." (Qatada added: I heard Anas saying that) the Prophet said, "I will go out and take them out of Hell (Fire) and let them enter Paradise, and I will return for the third time and will ask my Lord for permission to enter His house, and I will be allowed to enter.

When I see Him, I will fall down in prostration before Him, and will remain in prostration as long as He will, and then He will say, 'Raise your head, O Muhammad, and speak, for you will be listened to, and intercede, for your intercession will be accepted, and ask, for your request will be granted.' So I will raise my head and praise Allah as He has taught me and then I will intercede and He will put a limit for me (to intercede for a certain type of people). I will take them out and let them enter Paradise." (Qatada said: I heard Anas saying that) the Prophet said, "So I will go out and take them out of Hell (Fire) and let them enter Paradise, till none will remain in the Fire except those whom Quran will imprison (i.e., those who are destined for eternal life in the fire)." The narrator then recited the Verse:-- "It may be that your Lord will raise you to a Station of Praise and Glory." (17.79) The narrator added: This is the Station of Praise and Glory which Allah has promised to your Prophet. (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 9, Book 93, Number 532v)

And:

Ja'far ibn Muhammad said, "Part of his blessing on him is that He made him his beloved, swore by his life, abrogated other shari'as by him, RAISED HIM TO THE HIGHEST PLACE, protected him to all mankind and made booty lawful for his community. He also made him an accepted intercessor and the master of the descendants of Adam..." (p. 27)

"... Some of them will enter the Garden by His mercy and some of them will enter the Garden BY MY INTERCESSION. I will continue to intercede until He gives a paper of good deeds to men who have been commanded to the Fire..." (p. 117)

In some traditions, Muhammad is said to be on the right side of Allah's throne as he intercedes:

Abu Hurayra related from the Prophet, "I will be clothed in one of the robes of the Garden. Then I will stand on the right of the Throne where no created being except me will stand." (p. 108)

The Prophet said, "I will be the master of the people on the Day of Rising." He will be their master in this world and on the Day of Rising.

However, the Prophet indicated that he alone will have mastery and intercession on that day since people will take refuge with him and will not find anyone but him. A master is that one to whom people go when seeking what they need. On that day he will be the only master among mankind. No one will compete with him about it or lay claim to it, as Allah says, "Whose is the Kingdom today? Allah's, the One, the Conqueror." (40:16) The Kingdom is His in this world and the Next World. However, in the Next World the claims of those who made them in the world will be cut off. Furthermore, all people will seek refuge with Muhammad to intercede for them. He will be their master in the Next World without any pretension.

Anas said that the Messenger of Allah said, "On that Day of Rising, I will come to the Gate of the Garden and ask it to open. The Guardian will say, 'Who are you?' I will reply, 'Muhammad.' He will say, 'Because of you I was commanded not to open the door to anyone before you.'" (p. 109)

Ka'b ibn Malik related that the Prophet said, "People will be gathered on the Day of Rising, and my community and I will be on a hill and my Lord will clothe me in a green robe and give me permission. Then I will say what Allah wills I say. That is the Praiseworthy Station."

Ibn 'Umar mentioned the hadith of intercession and said, "He will advance until he knocks at the gates of the Garden. On that day, Allah will grant him the Praiseworthy Station He promised him."

Ibn Mas'ud said: "The Prophet will stand on the right of the Throne in a station where none but he will stand. The first and the last will envy it."

Ibn Mas'ud said that the Messenger of Allah said, "I will stand in the Praiseworthy Station." He was asked, "What is it?" He said, "On that day, Allah will descend on His Throne..." (p. 114)

In one narration, Adam beseeches Allah to forgive him on account of Muhammad!

Abu Muhammad al-Makki, Abu'l-Layth as-Samarqandi and others related that when Adam rebelled, he said, "O Allah, forgive me my error BY THE RIGHT OF MUHAMMAD!" Allah said to him, "How do you know Muhammad?" He said, "I saw written in every place in the Garden, 'There is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.' So I knew that he was the most honoured creation in Your eyes." SO ALLAH TURNED TO HIM AND FORGAVE HIM. It is said that this is the interpretation of the words of Allah, "Adam learned some words from his Lord" (2:27) (p. 89)

Clearly, these stories are intended to turn Muhammad into a Christ figure so as to usurp the glory and uniqueness of the Lord Jesus, something which the unbelievers even saw:

There is enough proof in the words of Allah, "Say: if you love Allah, follow me, and Allah will love you and forgive your wrong actions." (3:30)

The commentators relate that when this ayat was revealed, the unbelievers said, "Muhammad means that we should love him AS THE CHRISTIANS LOVE 'ISA SON OF MARYAM." Angry with them, Allah revealed this ayat, "Say: Obey Allah and the Messenger. If they turn their backs, Allah does not love the unbelievers." (3:31) So he increased his honour by commanding them to obey him and connected that to obedience to Himself... (pp. 112-113)


MUHAMMAD AND THE REASON FOR CREATION

According to the Holy Bible, Jesus is the source and reason for creation, that all things were created through him and for him. Christ, being God's Son, is superior and supreme over all creation:

"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things were made through him, and without him was not any thing made that was made... He was in the world, and the world was made through him, yet the world did not know him... And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth." John 1:1-3, 10, 14

"He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation. For by him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities--all things were created through him and FOR HIM. And he is before all things, and in him all things hold together. And he is the head of the body, the church. He is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in everything he might be PREEMINENT." Colossians 1:15-18

"but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things, through whom also he created the world. He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high, ... And, 'You, Lord, laid the foundation of the earth in the beginning, and the heavens are the work of your hands; they will perish, but you remain; they will all wear out like a garment, like a robe you will roll them up, like a garment they will be changed. But you are the same, and your years will have no end.'" Hebrews 1:2-3, 10-12

"For Jesus has been counted worthy of more glory than Moses--as much more glory as the builder of a house has more honor than the house itself. (For every house is built by someone, but the builder of all things is God.) Now Moses was faithful in all God's house as a servant, to testify to the things that were to be spoken later, but Christ is faithful over God's house as a son. And we are his house if indeed we hold fast our confidence and our boasting in our hope." Hebrews 3:3-6

Muslim tradition, however, says that Muhammad is the best of all creation and that he was the first human Allah created. Some narrations go even further than this and say that Allah would not have created anything had it not been for Muhammad:

Qatada said that the Prophet said, "I was the first of the Prophets to be created and the last of them to be sent." That is why he was mentioned before Nuh and the others. (p. 23)

Abu Hurayra said that the Messenger of Allah said, "I was sent from the best of each generation of the children of Adam generation after generation, until I was in the generation from which I came."

Al-'Abbas said that the Prophet said, "Allah created Creation and He placed me among the best of them from the best of their generations. Then He selected the tribes and He put me among the best tribe. Then He selected the families, and He put me among the best of their families. I am the best of them in person and the best of them in family." ...

In a hadith narrated by Ibn 'Umar which at-Tabarani has related, the Prophet says, "Allah, the Mighty and Majestic sifted through His creation and chose the Banu Adam from them. Then He sifted through Banu Adam and chose the Arabs from them. Then He sifted through the Quraysh and chose the Banu Hashim from them. Then He sifted through the Banu Hashim and chose me from them. I AM THE BEST OF THE BEST. Whoever loves the Arabs, loves them through love for me. Whoever hates the Arabs, hates them through hatred of me."

Ibn 'Abbas said that the spirit of the Prophet was a light in the hands of Allah two thousand years before He created Adam. That light glorified Him and the angels glorified by his glorification. When Allah created Adam, He cast light into his loins.

The Messenger of Allah said, "Allah brought me down to earth in the loins of Adam, placed me in the loins of Nuh and then cast me into the loins of Ibrahim. Allah continued to move me from noble loins and pure wombs until He brought me out of my parents. None of them were ever joined together in fornication."

The famous poem of al-'Abbas in praise of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, testifies to the soundness of this tradition. (p. 43)

In the hadith of Anas, the Prophet said, "I am the most honoured of the Children of Adam with my Lord and it is no boast."

Then there is the hadith of Ibn 'Abbas, "I am the noblest of the first and the last and it is no boast."...

Ibn 'Abbas reported from the Prophet that he said, "When Allah created Adam, He made me descend to the earth in his loins. He put me in the loins of Nuh in the Ark and cast me into the fire in the loins of Ibrahim. Then he continued to move me from noble loins to pure wombs until He brought me out from my parents. None of them ever met in fornication."

This is what al-'Abbas ibn 'Abdu'l-Muttalib was indicating when he said:

Before you came to the world,
you were excellent in the shadows and in the repository
in the time (of Adam)
when they covered themselves with leaves.
Then you fell through the ages-
not as a mortal nor a lump of flesh nor as a clot.
Rather as a drop which rode the ships-
and put a bridle on the idol
Nasr while its people were drowned
(in the time of Nuh).
The drop was transferred from loin to womb.
As the world proceeded, the next era appeared.
Then your guardian house contained loftiness from Khindif
When you were born, the earth shone
and the horizon was illuminated by your light.
We travel in that illumination
and in the light and the paths of right guidance.
O coolness of the fire of Ibrahim!
O cause of the protection in the blazing fire! (pp. 85-86)

Ibn 'Abbas said, "Allah preferred Muhammad over the angels of the heavens and over all the prophets, may the blessings of Allah be upon them."... (p. 88)

Another variant has that Adam said, "When you created me, I lifted my gaze to Your Throne AND WRITTEN ON IT WAS: 'There is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah,' so I knew there would be no one held in greater esteem by You than the one whose name You placed alongside Your own name." Allah then revealed to him, "By My might and majesty, he is the last of the prophets among your descendants. IF IT HAD NOT BEEN FOR HIM, I WOULD HAVE NOT CREATED YOU." It is said that Adam was given the kunya, Abu Muhammad. Some people say that it was Abu'l-Bashar (the father of mankind). (p. 89)

 

The following narration is attributed to Ibn ‘Abbas and is cited by a Muslim scholar named al-Hakim:

"Allah revealed to ‘Isa (Jesus, peace be upon him): ‘O ‘Isa, believe in Muhammad, and tell whoever you meet of your ummah (community) to believe in him. For were it not for Muhammad, I would not have created Adam, and were it not for Muhammad, I would not have created Paradise and Hell. I created the Throne over the water and it would not settle until I wrote on it, Laa ilaaha ill-Allah Muhammad Rasool Allah (There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah)."

Al-Hakim, said that the isnaad (or chain of transmission) for the above was sahih or sound (see this article)

And:

But for you, I would not have created the spheres. (al-Ajluni, Kashf al-Khafa’, 2.232)

"Were it not for you, I would not have created the universe." (al-Shawkaani, al-Fawaa’id al-Majmoo’ah fi’l-Ahaadeeth al-Mawdoo’ah, p. 326)

Although most Muslim scholars hold these hadiths to be fabricated, they are nevertheless very popular, have spread widely and are quoted many times in writings of common Muslim piety and even by some scholars.

Even amongst those Muslims who argue that the above narration is fabricated, there are some who still agree that the content or meaning is true. For example, this next scholar, ash-Shaykh Mulla Alee Qaaree (d. 1014), said:

"maudu [fabricated], but it’s meaning is correct..." (‘al-Asraar al-Marfoo’ah’ of Alee al-Qaaree, pp. 67-68; bold emphasis and words within brackets ours)

The 18th century scholar al-Ajluni, whom we cited above, mentioned in his book on popular hadiths that despite this narration having been forged, in his opinion it is still sound in meaning even if not an authentic narration.

Sunni Muslim writer, G.F. Haddad, in his adaptation of the work by Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali, Lata'if al-Ma`arif fi ma li Mawasim al-`Am min al-Waza'if ("The Subtleties of Learning Concerning the Devotions That Pertain to the Various Times of the Year", ed. YaSin Muhammad al-Sawwas, Dar Ibn Kathir, 1996), stated:

... So it is possible that Muhammad - Allah bless and greet him - was specifically brought out from the loins of Adam before the spirit was breathed into the latter, for Muhammad - Allah bless and greet him - is the purpose (al-maqsud) in the creation of the human species, he is its very essence (`aynuhu), quintessence (khulasatuhu), and core (wasita `aqdih). And it has been narrated that Adam - upon him peace - saw the name of Muhammad - Allah bless and greet him - written on the Throne and that Allah - Almighty and Glorified - said to Adam: "Were it not for Muhammad I would not have created you." Al-Hakim narrated it in his Sahih [see its documentation in the Encyclopedia of Islamic Doctrine 4:36-41].

[The above position is also that of Ibn Rajab's two teachers, Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn al-Qayyim. Ibn Taymiyya said in his Fatawa al-Kubra (11:95-97):

"Muhammad - Allah bless and greet him - is the Chief of the Children of Adam, the Best of Creation, the noblest of them in the sight of Allah. This is why some have said that "Allah created the Universe due to him," or that "Were it not for him, He would have neither created a Throne, nor a Footstool, nor a heaven, earth, sun or moon." However, this is not a hadith on the authority of the Prophet - Allah bless and greet him -... but it may be explained from a correct aspect...

"Since the best of the righteous of the children of Adam is Muhammad - Allah bless and greet him -, creating him was a desirable end of deep-seated purposeful wisdom, more than for anyone else, and hence the completion of creation and the fulfillment of perfection was attained with Muhammad, may Allah Exalted bless him and grant him peace... The Chief of the Children of Adam is Muhammad, may Allah Exalted bless him and grant him peace, Adam and his children being under his banner. He, may Allah Exalted bless him and grant him peace, said: "Truly, I was written as the Seal of the Prophets with Allah, when Adam was going to-and-fro in his clay," i.e. that my prophethood was decreed and manifested when Adam - upon him peace - was created but before the breathing of the Spirit into him, just as Allah decrees the livelihood, lifespan, deeds and misery or happiness of the slave when He creates the embryo but before the breathing of the spirit into it.

"Since man is the seal and last of all creation, and its microcosm, and since the best of man is thus the best of all creation absolutely, then Muhammad - Allah bless and greet him -, being the Pupil of the Eye, the Axis of the Mill, and the Distributor to the Collective, is as it were the Ultimate Purpose from amongst all the purposes of creation. Thus it cannot be denied to say that "Due to him all of this was created", or that "Were it not for him, all this would not have been created," so if statements like this are thus explained according to what the Book and the Sunna indicate, it is acceptable." End of Ibn Taymiyya's words.

Similarly Ibn al-Qayyim wrote in his Bada'i` al-Fawa'id (p. 63): "Have you realized your value? I only created all the universes for your sake... All things are trees whose fruit you are."] (Source)

This next Muslim writer agrees that Muhammad is the reason for creation:

... That blessed person, who is the Beloved of God, for whose sake God created all the worlds, is absolutely free from every kind of defect, fault and shortcoming. (F. Gülen, The Infinite Light, Volume 1, Chapter five - The essentials of Prophethood: THE INFALLIBILITY OF THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD, UPON HIM BE PEACE AND BLESSINGS; source; underline emphasis ours)

And:

Before passing on to explain the reasons for the setback suffered at Uhud, it should be pointed out that the Companions have, after the Prophets, superiority over all the other people in virtue. They were honored with being the comrades and trainees of the greatest of the whole creation, one for whose sake the universe was created and who was sent as a mercy for all the worlds, that is, the Prophet Muhammad, upon him be peace and blessings... (Gülen, The Infinite Light, Volume 2, Chapter eight - The Military Dimension of Muhammad's Prophethood: THE BATTLE OF UHUD; source; underline emphasis ours)


MONOTHEISM AND THE ISLAMIC CREED

God's true Word, the Holy Bible, lists several creeds, or confessions of faith, which all true believers are required to affirm. One of the major and most popular creeds of the Holy Bible is the Shema (Hebrew- "Hear"), a confession of faith affirming the unity of God:

"Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one. You shall love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might." Deuteronomy 6:4-5

This confession is repeated by the Lord Jesus in Mark 12:29-30. The NT also contains some creeds which true Christians are required to confess:

"because, if you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved. For with the heart one believes and is justified, and with the mouth one confesses and is saved." Romans 10:9-10

"yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist, and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom are all things and through whom we exist." 1 Corinthians 8:6

"There is one body and one Spirit--just as you were called to the one hope that belongs to your call-- one Lord, one faith, one baptism, one God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all." Ephesians 4:4-6

The official Islamic creed, the confession of faith which Sunni Muslims are required to affirm, places Muhammad alongside Allah:

Ash hadu al la ilaha il Allah-u, wa ash hadu an-na Muhammad-ar Rasul Allah

The English rendering is:

There is no god worthy of worship except Allah and Muhammad is His messenger

Here is another version:

Ash-hadu anla ilaha illal-Lahu Wahdahu la Sharika Lahu wa-ash-hadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluhu

And its translation:

I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, the One, without any partner. And I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger.

The ahadith record Muhammad as purportedly saying:

Narrated Anas bin Malik:
Once Mu'adh was along with Allah's Apostle as a companion rider. Allah's Apostle said, "O Mu'adh bin Jabal." Mu'adh replied, "Labbaik and Sa'daik, O Allah's Apostle!" Again the Prophet said, "O Mu'adh!" Mu'adh said thrice, "Labbaik and Sa'daik, O Allah's Apostle!" Allah's Apostle said, "There is none who testifies sincerely that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and Muhammad is his Apostle, except that Allah, will save him from the Hell-fire." Mu'adh said, "O Allah's Apostle ! Should I not inform the people about it so that they may have glad tidings?" He replied, "When the people hear about it, they will solely depend on it." Then Mu'adh narrated the above-mentioned Hadith just before his death, being afraid of committing sin (by not telling the knowledge). (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 1, Book 3, Number 130)

Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin:
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) Said: The blood of a Muslim man who testifies that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is Allah's Apostle should not lawfully be shed except only for one of three reasons: a man who committed fornication after marriage, in which case he should be stoned; one who goes forth to fight with Allah and His Apostle, in which case he should be killed or crucified or exiled from the land; or one who commits murder for which he is killed. (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 38, Number 4339)

Qadi 'Iyad notes in relation to this creed:

Qatada said, "Allah exalted his fame in this world and the Next. There is no speaker, witness nor anyone doing the prayer who fails to say, 'There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.'"

Abu Sa'id al-Khudri related that the Prophet said, "Jibril, peace be upon him, came to me and said, 'My Lord and your Lord says, "Do you know how I have exalted your fame?"' I said, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said, 'When I am mentioned you are mentioned with Me.'"

Ibn 'Ata quoted a hadith qudsi saying, "I completed belief with your being mentioned with Me." And another one which says, "I have made your mention part of My mention so whoever mentions Me, mentions you."

Ja'far ibn Muhammad as-Sadiq, "No one mentions you as the Messenger but that he mentions Me as the Lord."

The fact that mention of the Prophet is directly connected to mention of Allah also shows that obedience to the Prophet is connected to obedience to Allah and his name to Allah's name. Allah says, "Obey Allah and His Messenger" (2:32) and "Believe in Allah and His Messenger." (4:136) Allah joins them together using the conjunction wa WHICH IS THE CONJUNCTION OF PARTNERSHIP. IT IS NOT PERMITTED TO USE THIS CONJUNCTION IN CONNECTION WITH ALLAH IN THE CASE OF ANYONE EXCEPT THE PROPHET.

Hudhayfa said that the Prophet said, "None of you should say, 'What Allah wills and (wa) so-and-so wills.' Rather say, 'What Allah wills.' Then stop and say, 'So-and-so wills.'"

Al-Khattabi said, "The Prophet has guided you to correct behaviour in putting the will of Allah before the will of others. He chose 'then' (thumma) which implies sequence and deference as opposed to 'and' (wa) WHICH IMPLIES PARTNERSHIP."

Something similar is mentioned in another hadith. Someone was speaking in the presence of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, "Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger has been rightly guided, and whoever rebels against them both (joining them together by using the dual form)..." The Prophet said to him, "What a bad speaker you are! Get up! [Or he said: Get out!]"

Abu Sulayman said, "He disliked the two names being joined together in that way BECAUSE IT IMPLIES EQUALITY."... (pp. 7-8)

It is related that 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said to the Prophet, "Part of your excellence with Allah is that He has made obedience to you obedience to Him. Allah says, 'Whoever obeys the Messenger has obeyed Allah' (4:80) and 'If you love Allah, then follow me and Allah will love you.'" (3:31) it is related that when this ayat was sent down, people said, 'Muhammad wants us to take him as a mercy IN THE WAY CHRISTIANS DID WITH 'ISA,' so Allah revealed, 'Say: Obey Allah, and the Messenger.'" (3:32) (p. 9)

"... He coupled his name with His own name, and his pleasure with His pleasure. He made him one of the two pillars of tawhid." (p. 27)

Ibn 'Abbas said, "Written on the door of the Garden is: I am Allah. There is no god but Me. Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. I will not punish anyone who says that." (p. 90)

Another source provides further attestation that Muhammad didn't like it when people used the conjunction wa (and) when associating him with Allah:

Further, a man once said to the Prophet ... "What Allah and what you will." He ... said, ... Do not say, 'What Allah and what Muhammad will.' Rather say, 'What Allah wills and then what Muhammad wills.' (Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziyyah, Zad-ul Ma'ad fi Hadyi Khairi-l 'Ibad [Provisions for the Hereafter Taken From the Guidance of Allah's Best Worshipper], translated by Jalal Abualrub, edited by Alaa Mencke & Shaheed M. Ali [Madinah Publishers & Distributors, Orlando Florida; First edition, October 2001], Volume 4, p. 285)

Sunni Muslims have clearly deified Muhammad by making it mandatory to confess his name alongside their confession of Allah's unity. Thankfully, not all Muslims accept this confession since they realize that it is blasphemy and idolatrous. As one Muslim put it:

Verse 3:18 states the First Pillar of Islam (Submission): “God bears witness that there is no other god besides Him, and so do the angels and those who possess knowledge.”

This most crucial pillar has been distorted. Millions of Muslims have adopted Satan’s polytheistic version, and insist upon mentioning the name of Muhammad besides the name of God. However, the Quran’s great criterion in 39:45 stamps such Muslims as disbelievers: “When God ALONE is mentioned, the hearts of those who do disbelieve in the Hereafter shrink with aversion, but when others are mentioned with Him, they become satisfied.”

I have conducted extensive research into this criterion, and I have reached a startling conclusion: the idol worshipers who do not uphold the First Pillar of Islam as dictated in 3:18 are forbidden by God from uttering the correct Shahadah. They simply cannot say: “Ash-hadu Allaa Elaaha Ellaa Allah” by itself, without mentioning the name of Muhammad. Try it with any idol worshiper who claims to be a Muslim. Challenge them to say: “Ash-hadu Allaa Elaaha Ellaa Allah.” They can never say it. Since this is the religion of Abraham (2:130, 2:135; 3:95; 4:125; 6:161; 12:37-38; 16:123; 22:78; Appendix 9), the ONLY creed must be “LAA ELAAHA ELLAA ALLAH (there is no god except the One God)”. Muhammad did not exist on earth before Abraham.

A Gross Blasphemy

There is no greater blasphemy than distorting the Quran to idolize the prophet Muhammad against his will. Verse 19 of Sura “Muhammad” (47:19) states: “You shall know that there is no god except the one God.” Shown below is a photocopy of the regular logo of a Muslim publication THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS (The London Mosque, 16 Gressenhall Road, London SW18 5QL, England). Using the Quran’s calligraphic style, the publishers of THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS added the phrase “Muhammad Rasool Allah” in such a way that gives a false impression that such is the Quranic statement of 47:19. What a blasphemy! (Quran: The Final Testament [Authorized English Version], Translated from the Original by Rashad Khalifa, Ph.D., Revised Edition, 1992; Appendix 13: The First Pillar of Islam (Submission): “Laa Elaaha Ellaa Allah” (No god except God), pp. 427-428; also available online)

This is unlike the Christian confessions. Since the NT teaches that Jesus is Lord in the sense of being Yahweh, the biblical writers didn't consider it a compromise of true monotheism to expand the Jewish Shema to include Jesus within the Divine identity. To them, Jesus wasn't a creature whom they were deifying it, but was God's eternal Word and Wisdom who became man for our salvation. Islam, however, explicitly denies that Muhammad is anything but a creature. To, therefore, include him alongside God in the creedal confession of faith is a severe compromise of pure monotheism, being an explicit act of associating a finite creature with God, what Islam considers to be the unpardonable sin of shirk (Cf. surah 4:48, 116). To top it off, the Islamic creed is not even explicitly formulated within the chapters of the Quran, but is derived from later Islamic sources such as the hadith literature.

We come to the conclusion of Part 3. Continue with Part 4.